The flexibility and usefulness of an API relate directly to its orthogonality. But what does “orthogonal” mean? It’s a term that’s tossed around a lot in programming, with varying degrees of clarity. […]
What is orthogonality?
The meta-field dilemma: `a.size` or `size(a)`
I can’t decide whether a.size or size(a) is more correct when getting the length of an array. While writing Leaf I have a recurrent feeling that perhaps a.size is wrong. What is […]
Importing Blender object normal maps with permutations
We used a lot of object normal maps in RadialBlitz. Figuring out how Blender encoded these was part of the challenge. It didn’t seem to be documented anywhere, nor was I able […]
A game of what’d they press? Hit testing in a 2d/3d layout
A simple tap of the screen invokes a staggering amount of calculations. That screen is actually big tree of UI elements, and we need to navigate it quickly to find the right […]
The bitwise complement, or not operator, is unsafe
I came upon a problem with bitwise complement (logical not): it isn’t safe. It’s nothing new, but it really registered while implementing the logical operations in Leaf. The issue is the result […]
Stuffing curves into boxes: calculating the bounds
Now that we’ve drawn beziers and arcs there’s only one piece missing in the vector API. We need to calculate the bounds of the curve: the minimum/maximum points where it will draw. […]
Rendering an SVG elliptical arc as bezier curves
I needed to draw ellipses and arcs. A vector API just wouldn’t be complete without them. Though opinions seem to differ as Apple’s Core Graphics lacks anything but an axis aligned circular […]
Porting Leaf from Linux to OSX
I recently ported Leaf from Linux to OSX. I figured it was about time to start making it cross-platform. The goal is to get it compiling useful libraries for iOS and Android […]
The smooth sexy curves of a bezier spline
I’ve been dreaming and coding curves lately. They play an integral role in a vector drawing API, which I’m writing for Fuse now. “Bezier curves” are so common we might think it’s […]
Ride the carousel of folly with a Python migration
I wanted to migrate my shelljob module from Python 2 to 3. I use this as part of the Leaf unit test setup. What I thought would be relatively straight forward has […]
Optional Types and Leaf: Removing automatic dereference
Optional values are one of the fundamental extrinsic types in Leaf, as are shared values. Originally optional values were used just like regular values, dereferenced automatically. I was always uncertain of that. […]
Smoothing 3d geometry, like a tunnel, with Catmull-Rom splines
An endless tunnel is the centerpiece of my game Radial Blitz. Flying smoothly through this tunnel was important to me. That required both a smooth tunnel and a smooth camera. In this […]
What is a normal map? An object normal map?
Normal maps preserve the lighting fidelity of a high polygon count model when it is reduced to a lower polygon count. Model designers tend to work with models that are far too […]
Glowing graphics for that futuristic sci-fi feeling
Glow is a relatively simple effect that gives life to the graphics in Radial Blitz. It blends well into the sci-fi theme. Creating the glow requires a glow map, a second world […]
